Just surfing around and came across the Farkin Wiki Slang Glossary. Check it out if you need a few phrases to impress the gang on your next group ride. Here's a good one:
Yard sale - When your crash is so bad they find you by following the trail of debris you left behind in your path. “A pedal broke off, lost my chain, my pack ripped open and I lost all my tools....it was a total yard sale!”
It's a Wiki so you can add your own slang if you're so inclined. Here's another good list that's slightly more conventional.
So is there a definitive list of jargon out there?